$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install golang-1.6 

golang-1.6 is installed in your system.

Make ensure the golang-1.6 package were installed using the commands given below,

$ sudo dpkg-query -l | grep golang-1.6 *

You will get with golang-1.6 package name, version, architecture and description in a table

golang-1.6 package basic information: